Molybdenum Symposium 2024 - Mo4Steel 2024

In 1891, the French company Schneider & Co. used molybdenum for the first time as an alloying element in armor plate steel and until the end of WW2 most of the molybdenum alloyed steels were indeed related to military applications. Yet surprisingly, Moly was the first time applied to increase the strength of automotive steel for the Wills Saint Claire that appeared in 1921. The recognition of...

This paper provides on overview of the fundamentals of molybdenum alloying on microstructure evolution in low-carbon steels. In particular, austenite grain growth and austenite decomposition will be analyzed in state-of-the-art line pipe and automotive steel grades that benefit from Mo alloying. Both experimental data as well as atomistically informed microstructure simulations will be...

Molybdenum is a well-known alloying element in steels, which in combination with other microalloying elements, is usually added to achieve high strength and high toughness property combinations. The effect of Mo retarding austenite recrystallization, both dynamically and statically, due to its strong solute drag effect, is the main mechanism acting during hot rolling. This contribution delves...

In recent years, hydrogen appears to be a promising alternative to fossil fuels, therefore evolvement of materials for hydrogen transportation and storage facilities is of immense importance. However, exposure of high-strength steels to hydrogen can have a detrimental influence on their performance due to elevated susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). In previous studies, the effect...

In addition to wear resistance, an optimum balance of strength, toughness and formability is the ultimate goal for wear resistant steels. The microstructure of wear resistant steels are typically martensitic which can create high strength and hardness, but at the expense of toughness and formability. The key is to achieve the proper microstructures for high strength and high hardness, but also...

The details of the temper embrittlement mechanism in steels caused by impurities are unknown. Especially from an atomistic point of view, there are still open questions regarding their interactions with alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, and Mo. Therefore, we used density functional theory to investigate the segregation and co-segregation behavior and the resulting influence on the cohesion of...

The role of Mo in steels as an alloying element is manifold and often key to obtain excellent mechanical properties in the final product. In many cases, ab initio calculations on the atomic level can give valuable insights into the mechanisms at work, which then provides direct guidelines for alloy design and optimization.
Molybdenum is present in steels in solid solution and in various...

In this work we studied series of stainless steels with varying Cr, Ni, Mn and Mo contents, to systematically break down the contribution of individual elements to the passivity of the alloys, and to understand repassivation mechanism after a damage occurs. To access the single element contribution on the stability of the alloys, ICP-MS is employed, a technique that is capable to elementally...

Tool steels are the alloys used to manufacture tools, dies, and molds that shape, form, and cut other materials such as steels, nonferrous metals, and plastics at either ordinary or elevated temperatures. They are either carbon, alloy or high-speed steels, capable of being hardened and tempered.
The high carbon and alloy contents of tool steels are used to produce very high strength and...