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Annealing deformed metals usually leads to reduced mechanical strength. However, for nanostructured and ultra-fine grained (UFG) materials, the opposite effect was observed after low-temperature annealing (TH<0.35). In case of pure metals, this phenomenon can be associated e.g. to the annihilation of the mobile dislocations and changes in the character of grain boundaries. It is well known that dislocation density as well as grain boundaries structure influence the protectiveness of the air-formed Ti oxide layers, and thereby affect functional properties of nanostructured Ti, such as its corrosion behavior or biological response. Thereby, it is worth to verify if low-temperature annealing could be exploited for simultaneous enhancement of nanostructured Ti mechanical and functional properties, which are essential in terms of long-term biomedical applications. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the effect of low-temperature heat treatments on the both hardness and corrosion resistance of nanostructured Ti in the conditions as can be found in the human body. Moreover, experiments were supplemented by nanostructure analysis which was necessary to explained observed changes in both mechanical and corrosion properties.
This work was financially supported by NCN Poland [2018/29/B/ST8/02883]