EUROPEAN STEEL TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION DAYS 2017 - ESTAD 2017

Induration of magnetite pellet is a complex physicochemical process involving oxidation, sintering and the heat transfer phenomena. Often, these phenomena happen simultaneously and influence each other while being exposed to high temperature in the induration furnace, which might results in the formation of duplex structure within the pellet having the core of magnetite and shell of oxidized...

JFE Steel Corporation developed a technology (“Super-SINTERTM OXY” ) for injection of hydrogen-based gas fuel and oxygen in sintering machines, which makes it possible to greatly increase sinter productivity and sinter strength in the sintering process, and successfully applied this technology to a commercial sinter plant. 　In ordinary sintering process, after coke breeze is mixed with iron...

Ignition of sinter raw mix has a major influence on the efficiency and productivity of the sintering process. Basically, the operation of an ignition hood consists in setting hood temperature and controlling lambda ratio so as to adjust oxygen content in exhaust gas and ensure an efficient ignition of the solid fuel contained in the raw mix. Operators are facing the problems of generation of...

Pellet production is an intensive energy process. Although, pelletizing it is a highly energy optimized process, producers are facing restriction due to restrictive environmental standards in the whole world. In order to deliver solution to this relevant topic, Outotec is developing in small scale the low NOx burner since 2012, and the expressive results are reached. In 2014 using CFD...

State of the art sinter coolers are working based on the cross flow cooling principle. Thus, only a part of the thermal energy can be used for heat recovery application. The other part of the cooling air is brought unused to the environment. Furthermore, environmental regulation regarding dust emission and intelligent usage of exergy are getting stronger. Therefore Primetals Technologies...

Decreasing iron ore quality, higher substitution rates of main iron ores to cheaper raw materials due to economic pressure and increased environmental standards are constantly challenging the iron and steel producers. Changing the raw materials in an operating plant can significantly influence the sintering process. Adjusting all process parameters to regain stable and high productive...

The purpose of Sinter plants is to heat iron ore fines along with fluxes and coke fines or coal, to produce a semi-molten mass that solidifies into porous pieces of sinter with the necessary size and strength characteristics for feeding into the blast furnace. Fluxes used in the sintering process need to have an appropriate granulometric distribution and TI (tumbler index) to avoid generation...

The sharp decline in iron and steel prices has led producers to focus more and more on existing plants and costs of production in recent years. Focus has been on optimizing plant performance to increase productivity in existing plants and decrease energy and maintenance costs (Total variable cost). In addition changing of input materials to the worse and stricter environmental legislation...

Sinter is one of the most significant iron carrying raw materials in the blast furnace process. The properties of sinter such as the reducibility and the reduction degradation index (RDI) affect the efficiency of the ironmaking process directly. However, sinter is an agglomerate with complex mineralogical features and a high degree of inhomogeneity. This work aims to characterize the surface...

Sinter-Cooler process aims to cool down material at sinter-strand outlet to safely transport it to blast furnaces. In a context of high productivity of sinter-strands, good operation of this process is a key feature to avoid productivity loss and fire issues on conveyor belts. Numerical model was developed to find optimal operating conditions to be applied by operators to maximize capacity of...

Altering qualities of raw materials for iron making demand changing treatment before using them in metallurgical aggregates. The conventional iron ore sintering process is only suitable for materials down to a particle size of about 0.2 mm. Currently, it is possible to achieve a maximum fine ore amount of up to 180 to 200 kg/t sinter. In this study, the influence of ultra-fine iron ores (< 0.1...

With the steady increase in computation power numerical simulations offer new possibilities for the design and optimization of industrial facilities. In the highly competitive business of iron making with rapidly increasing requirements in metallurgic plant design numerical models can be highly beneficial in the development process. In this paper a coupled approach of numerical simulations to...

The rapid growing iron and steel productions in the recent years resulted in a continuously demand for new iron ore resources. On the other hand the availability of the typical sinter feed (1-6.3 mm) has become limited and the rapid growing production resulted in more and more fine ore (< 150 μm) availability in the market. The sinter plant operators are facing several new challenges since the...