-
Prof. PETER SCHMÖLE (ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe)12/09/2016, 14:00The blast furnace process is worldwide the dominant technology for producing metallic pre-products for steelmaking. Today, blast furnaces are operated close to thermodynamic equilibria. The carbon-based iron ore reduction process inevitably causes CO2 emissions. With regard to reducing CO2 emissions, the coke/pulverized coal injection operation is compared with various process alternatives:...Go to contribution page
-
TOSHIYUKI HIROSAWA (JFE Steel Corporation)12/09/2016, 15:00JFE Steel Corporation developed a technology for injection of hydrogen-based gas fuel in sintering machines, “Super-SINTERTM (Secondary-fuel Injection Technology for Energy Reduction)”, which makes it possible to greatly reduce CO2 emissions in the sintering process, and successfully applied this technology to a commercial sinter plant for the first time in the world. In ordinary sintering...Go to contribution page
-
NAVEEN Singh (JSW steel Ltd)12/09/2016, 15:00JSW Steel Ltd. Vijayanagar works is an integrated steel plant with installed crude steel production capacity of 12 MTPA. Blast furnace III & IV are two large furnaces with annual production capacity of 3 MTPA each. JSW has been successfully operating these large furnaces at productivity > 2.80 t/m3/day at slag rate of 400 kg/thm. This paper focuses on the process improvements and technological...Go to contribution page
-
EUGENE DONSKOI (CSIRO Mineral Resources)12/09/2016, 15:00Understanding the characteristics of iron ore is paramount for predicting the performance of downstream processes. Whilst chemical assay and mineralogical assessments are routinely undertaken, the effects of textural information are often overlooked. For an industry striving to optimise productivity, an understanding of the impact of the textural characteristics of feed materials on process...Go to contribution page
-
DEQING ZHU (School of Mineral processing and Bioengineering, Central South University)12/09/2016, 15:20It is of significant importance to utilize the in-plant iron-bearing dust and mud of steel mills which are characterized by high iron and carbon content, and some toxic metals such as lead and zinc etc. In this paper the conditions of new process of metallizing sintering of pellets were optimized to manufacture pre-reduced sinter. Under the conditions of C/Fe ratio of 0.5 (50% coal blended in...Go to contribution page
-
JOHANN REIDETSCHLAEGER (PRIMETALS Technology GmbH)12/09/2016, 15:20In today’s competitive iron making environment the optimization and continuous supervision of the sintering process is of major importance. Today, the quality control of mixes mainly relies on the experience and expertise gained by one or several operators working at the production facility. Standardized and representative sample taking and preparation is an unfulfilled wish of the operating...Go to contribution page
-
ROB VAN OPBERGEN (Danieli Corus BV)12/09/2016, 15:20Over the past years, several factors such as weak demand, high raw material costs and global overcapacity have exerted unprecedented pressure on steel producers around the world. The liquid section of the steel plant, and the blast furnace in particular, covers a substantial part of the overall production cost. This article discusses a scenario for sustainable hot metal production under...Go to contribution page
-
ZHIWU YAN (University of Science and Technology Beijing)12/09/2016, 15:40The cycle and enrichment of potassium (K) exist in the blast furnace. Under laboratory conditions, a kind of vapor adsorption test between the K and sinter was design to research the adsorption character of sinter ore on K vapor, and adsorption mechanism was analyzed by some microscopic observation. Elemental K and K2CO3was chosen aspotassium source to provide K vapor. Sinter ore had the...Go to contribution page
-
YUSUKE KASHIHARA (JFE Steel Corporation)12/09/2016, 15:40Utilization of small coke (nut coke) in the blast furnace was carried out to improve the permeability in the lower part of the blast furnace. However, at high small coke rates, it was thought that some small coke continues to exist in the lower part of the blast furnace because the small coke charging rate is larger than the gasification reaction rate of the small coke in the blast furnace....Go to contribution page
-
LIMING LU (CISRO MINERAL RESOURCES)12/09/2016, 15:40Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process used world-wide in the production of iron and steel. Because of the very large quantities of iron ore processed and the large volume throughput of air involved, sintering is a major point source of toxic emissions and also CO2 into the atmosphere. Waste gases from sintering also contain varying quantities of acidic species, dust and dioxin...Go to contribution page
-
YURY KAPELYUSHIN (The University of New South Wales)12/09/2016, 16:00Depletion of high-quality hematite ore stimulates an increase in the utilization of magnetite ore in ironmaking. Reduction of magnetite ore pellets was studied in a fixed-bed reactor at different temperatures and gas compositions. The effect of temperature on the magnetite ore reduction was studied at 700 – 900 °C by CO/CO2 gas mixture with 80 vol pct CO. The effect of gas composition was...Go to contribution page
-
HANNAH LOMAS (University of Newcastle)12/09/2016, 16:00Metallurgical coke samples were retrieved from the tuyere drilling of an operating blast furnace. These were analysed using a novel fractographic approach to identify and quantify the various coke failure mechanisms. This allowed for quantification of the factors contributing to the strength of the coke through analysis of coke fracture faces. Tuyere level cokes were found to display different...Go to contribution page
-
RAYMOND J. LONGBOTTOM (University of Wollongong)12/09/2016, 16:00Recycling of steel plant by-products is a critical area that needs careful assessment and development if the integrated steel plant is to remain environmentally and economically sustainable into the future. A research program is being embarked upon in the Australian Steel Research Hub with aims to realise the value of the by-products to the Australian Steel industry and minimise volumes being...Go to contribution page
-
ANRIN BHATTACHARYYA (Montanuniversitaet Leoben)12/09/2016, 16:20Coke is the only raw material which remains solid even at the lowest zone of blast furnace. The bed-permeability in the bosh zone of the blast furnace is maintained by the solid coke structure. The wetting behaviour of slags in the coke bed of the bosh region in a blast furnace plays a very important role on the process efficiency by directly influencing the free movement of the burden and...Go to contribution page
-
BERND WEISS (Primetals Technologies GmbH)12/09/2016, 16:20An increasing demand in flexible process variations, raw material utilisation, internal by-product and waste material recycling in iron and steel production together with the needs for standardisation to partners and interfaces with equipment suppliers requires new and intelligent platforms for mass and energy balancing based on a flow sheeting approach. Following an evaluation on state of the...Go to contribution page
-
PETER WARREN (Danieli Corus BV)12/09/2016, 16:20Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking units are usually equipped with a high level of process automation, process control and operator advisory. The advantages of such systems have been widely discussed and confirmed by operators from around the world. Where Level I and possibly Level II automation systems were implemented early when such systems were available, upgrading these systems to more...Go to contribution page
-
IGOR SHEPETOVSKY (KOSAYA GORA IRON WORKS)12/09/2016, 16:40This paper describes optimization of the charging process of blast furnace No.1 at Kosaya Gora Iron Works (Tula, Russia) producing nodular pig iron with many restrictions on impurities. Focus is on the unconventional operation with 100% acid pellets and various methods for lining protection against the aggressive action of Wüstite-rich primary slag by means of top charging control. Along with...Go to contribution page
-
HEINRICH MALI (Montanuniversität Leoben)12/09/2016, 16:40The micro-image processing software package VisuMet identifies the main mineral phases in sinter. Magnetite, hematite, calcium ferrite, siliceous glass as well as pores will be distinguished by their different grey levels. VisuMet calculates the area in pixel of the phases and the pores. Each phase is available as a binary image for further analysis.Go to contribution page
-
ANTON PICHLER (voestalpine Stahl GmbH)12/09/2016, 17:00Due to their physical and thermochemical properties, alkali metals as potassium and sodium show a specific behavior in ironmaking processes. The reduction and oxidation of alkali compounds as well as their evaporation and condensing behavior lead to the formation of an alkali cycle. Furthermore, an enrichment of harmful K- and Na-compositions takes place. This affects refractory material, fuel...Go to contribution page
-
CHRISTOPH FEILMAYR (voestalpine Stahl GmbH)12/09/2016, 17:00Novel measurement systems for gauging the full three-dimensional burden surface and the two-dimensional top gas temperature distribution in a blast furnace in real time with an update period of a few seconds are presented in this paper. An introduction to the radar imaging principle for burden surface measurement and the fast acoustic tomography system for temperature distribution...Go to contribution page
-
PRASAD KALI (Indian Institute of Technology, Madras)12/09/2016, 17:30A physical model of blast furnace slag granulation using rotating disk method is developed, based upon similarity criteria namely solidification similarity, geometric similarity and dynamic similarity. For dynamic similarity ratio of inertial, viscous and surface tension forces between the model and prototype are considered. Based upon dynamic similarity, equality of Ohnesorge number, Reynolds...Go to contribution page
-
NIKOLAY SPIRIN (Ural Federal University)12/09/2016, 17:40Understanding and managing the risks associated with the introduction of a new technology in the highly capital-intensive, large volume and low-margin iron and steel industry, is a key to effectively implementing a lasting change. Hatch has developed a robust methodology for process technology selection for the iron and steel industry to address the risks. The methodology is based on a...Go to contribution page
-
LIU SIYUAN (University of Science and Technology Beijing)12/09/2016, 17:50Biomass is a kind of renewable, clean resource and reducing agent, and has become the focus. In recent years, several papers deal with the combustion and gasification of the biomass, however, the research of biomass ash catalytic reaction process is not elaborated completely. Biomass ash itself usually contains a certain amount of K, Na and other mineral elements, these elements will have a...Go to contribution page
-
BO SU (The University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB))12/09/2016, 18:00
-
LIU DONGHUI (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing)12/09/2016, 18:10Effects of MgO on the sintering liquid, the properties and mineralogical morphology of the high-basicity sinter were investigated in this paper. The results show that the assimilability and the infiltration area index of original liquid (IAO) decreases with increasing MgO content. The tumbler index (T), the low temperature break-down (RDI+3.15) and softening start temperature (T10%) of the...Go to contribution page
-
JIANBO ZHONG (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing)12/09/2016, 18:20The composition and thermal performance of coke affected by zinc vapor was investigated in this work. Two different kinds of experiments were employed in this paper. The first experiment was that coke absorbed zinc vapor in a muffle furnace at 1300 °C. From SEM/EDS analysis of the treated coke samples and thermodynamic calculation(used by the FactSage software), it was found that zinc was...Go to contribution page
-
ZHIWU YAN (University of Science and Technology Beijing)12/09/2016, 18:40The actual situation of cycle and enrichment for potassium in the BF was simulated, in order to complete the adsorption of sinters on potassium (K) vapor, the method of vapor adsorption was chosen to conduct sample preparation test in a horizontal tube furnace. With the increase of the enrichment times of K, enrichment rate of K increased and the absorption capacity of sinter on K vapor...Go to contribution page
-
HAIYANG WANG (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering)12/09/2016, 18:50Lithium silicate(Li4SiO4) was prepared by solid state reaction using leached residue(LR) from blast furnace slag as silicon source, and pure silica was chosen for comparison. Chemical analysis, scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were used to characterize the Li4SiO4 prepared in the present study. Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to obtained the absorbed...Go to contribution page
-
SONG LIU (North China University of Science and Technology)12/09/2016, 19:00CeO2 is a kind of pulverized coal combustion improver which is suited for the Blast Furnace. Combustion mechanism of CeO2 is that Ce4+(CO-)4 weakens bridge adhesion of carbon structural units and alters the lattice structures to lower the activation energy of pulverized coal and accelerate the combustion. Collecting unburned powdered coal by simulating combustion conditions of blast furnace,...Go to contribution page
-
TAICHI MURAKAMI (Tohoku University)13/09/2016, 08:30Reduction disintegration of sinter at low temperature is one of important factors to maintain the stable operation of the blast furnace. The main factor of the disintegration is volumetric expansion of the iron oxide phase due to the reduction from hematite to magnetite at the temperature from 673 to 873 K. Furthermore, it is reported that the disintegration of sinter by CO reduction is caused...Go to contribution page
-
THOMAS FENZL (Primetals Technologies, Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 08:30Each year, approx. 400 million tons of blast furnace slag is produced worldwide with a tapping temperature of around 1,500°C. Currently, the slag is granulated in wet granulation plants using large volumes of water and to date it has not been possible to utilize the remnant heat energy of the molten slag, with approx. 1.8 GJ of energy per ton. However, in an R&D project currently underway by a...Go to contribution page
-
PETER KLUT (Danieli Corus BV)13/09/2016, 08:30Most of the recent developments in blast furnace gas cleaning technology have been based on dry gas cleaning systems. Danieli Corus has developed a new system, applying proven technology available within the Danieli group for dry cleaning of e.g. EAF, DRI, BOF and aluminium smelter gases. This new system consists of a gas conditioning tower, reagent injection system and (pressurized) filter...Go to contribution page
-
SOON-MO SHIN (GIFT/POSTECH)13/09/2016, 08:50The gasification of metallurgical cokes with CO2 and H2O on their porosity and macro-strength were investigated in the current study. Cokes were reacted with CO2 or H2O in the temperature range of 1100 to 1500oC. During the reaction, the compositional change of product gases were measured by Quadruple Mass Spectrometry (QMS) for evaluating the gasification rate. Image analysis was carried out...Go to contribution page
-
MICHAELA BOEBERL (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 08:50Primetals Technologies has developed a new sinter shaft cooler which allows utilizing nearly the total heat capacity of the hot sinter charged to the cooler. By application of the counter flow principle to the cooling process the temperature of the cooling air exiting the shaft can be maximized. Compared to conventional sinter cooler systems the maximized hot cooler off air temperature of the...Go to contribution page
-
REINOUD VAN LAAR (Danieli Corus BV)13/09/2016, 08:50In 1995, Krivorozhstal (now ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih) awarded a contract for the supply of a Pulverized Coal Injection System to Hoogovens Technical Services (now Danieli Corus). Due to economic conditions, the project could not be completed at the time. In 2015, the project was revitalized by ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih and the system was completed by Danieli Corus. This article discusses the...Go to contribution page
-
SHIAU JIA-SHYAN (China Steel Corporation)13/09/2016, 09:10According to the metallurgical conditions of CSC, the influences of MgO content, Al2O3 content and C/S (=CaO/SiO2) on slag fluidity are studied for blast furnace operation. The liquidus temperature and viscosity of a semi-synthetic slag are measured using an optical softening temperature device and a viscometer, respectively. Based on these measured data, equations of liquidus temperature and...Go to contribution page
-
ADELINE MORCEL (Swerea MEFOS AB)13/09/2016, 09:10The steel industry contributes to the global emissions of fossil carbon dioxide (CO2) by around seven percent, mainly caused by the usage of coal and coke as reductants in the blast furnace (BF). In the same time the BF is, and will be in a foreseeable future, the most energy efficient method to produce ore based liquid hot metal. A number of concepts to minimise the emission of CO2 have been...Go to contribution page
-
PAUL TOCKERT (PAUL WURTH S.A.)13/09/2016, 09:10In 2010 Paul Wurth introduced the G3 chute transmission gearbox for Bell Less Top blast furnace charging systems. With a maximal flow rate of 1.1m3/s, a rotation speed of 12RPM while withstanding harshest operating conditions, the G3 chute transmission gearbox offers unpreceded operation possibilities. Finer charging patterns (i.e. more chute rotations) are possible due to the higher...Go to contribution page
-
DAVID R. JENKINS (CSIRO)13/09/2016, 09:30The Sapozhnikov plastometer is an integral part of the classification system for coking coal in China. While there have been many studies of the Sapozhnikov plastometer over a long period of time, the interpretation of the results of the procedure remain heuristic. We have developed a detailed model of the Sapozhnikov plastometer, based upon the mechanistic effects occurring during the...Go to contribution page
-
JOHN HYDE (Hatch Ltd.)13/09/2016, 09:30Recent blast furnace reline scope assessment studies performed by Hatch concluded that Blast Furnace Reline Implementation Strategy must be developed on a case-by-case basis as many different factors can affect choices with regard to scope, schedule and the implementation of new technologies. Important considerations include planned blast furnace campaign life, reline outage duration,...Go to contribution page
-
THOMAS BUERGLER (voestalpine Stahl GmbH)13/09/2016, 09:30The transfer of our fast growing society from a carbon based to a low carbon based economy/production within the next decades is the global megatrend which is discussed now for 15 years. The minus 80 % target can only be achieved by a transfer of the global energy system. We have today a portfolio of technologies available to reduce the CO2 intensity further, but without consideration of...Go to contribution page
-
BARBARA RAMMER (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 09:50Steps to reduce greenhouse emission gases (CO2) are increasingly becoming a matter of priority for the industry, particularly for the iron & steel industry, which is the largest consumer of the world's generated energy on a global basis. This paper outlines the principal factors necessary for evaluating CO2 emission rates as the basis for comparing the net CO2 emission figures for different...Go to contribution page
-
JAMES SMALL (Tata Steel)13/09/2016, 09:50Here we present a model of the formation mechanism of sinter mineralogy and microstructure in highly fluxed sinter (CaO/SiO2 ~2.8-3.8), obtained by detailed investigation of quenched flame front and final sinter product samples. Contrary to the suggestion of several other studies, the observations here indicate only negligible solid-solid reaction and formation of low temperature Ca-ferrites...Go to contribution page
-
MARTINA HANEL (Mettop GmbH)13/09/2016, 09:50It is the increasing demand for an economic and cost saving operation mode that requires effective cooling in order to achieve low refractory wear and good furnace lifetime, which is making cooling technology an important aspect of furnace operation. In addition, safety awareness is becoming more and more a focal point of the operating philosophy. However, the use of water - today’s standard...Go to contribution page
-
HAMID Ghorbani (Hatch Ltd.)13/09/2016, 10:45Inverse geometry heat transfer analysis using thermocouple data is often used to estimate the remaining refractory thickness in a blast furnace hearth. However, multiple combinations of refractory / skull thickness solutions exist for a single set of thermocouple data. The results of this method are also sensitive to the quality of thermocouple data. An alternative approach uses...Go to contribution page
-
SRINIVAS DWARAPUDI (R&D TATA STEEL JAMSHEDPUR INDIA)13/09/2016, 10:45Indian iron ore fines with high alumina content (~2.5% Al2O3) resulted in poor quality pellets and a study was under taken to establish suitable pellet chemistry through proper fluxing agents. Limestone fluxed pellets were prepared at varying basicity (0 to 0.8) and pyroxenite fluxed pellets at varying MgO contents (0 to 3%) to study their effect on the metallurgical properties. Fired pellets...Go to contribution page
-
PETER WARREN (Materials Processing Institute)13/09/2016, 10:45During the short 179 week 4th campaign of Redcar blast furnace, persistent cash constraints led to a number of compromises concerning the limits of raw material quality and composition, particularly for high PCI rate operation. At the modest productivity required, high coke quality enabled low fuel rate, high PCI operation at a relatively high lump ore proportion. Poor quality coke led to a...Go to contribution page
-
LENA S ÖKVIST (Swerea MEFOS AB)13/09/2016, 11:05The impact from lance design, blast parameters and type of injection materials on combustion conditions in the raceway have been investigated both theoretically and in operational injections tests in the LKAB Experimental BF (EBF). A CFD model for the EBF is developed and the modelling results validated with experimental data deduced from additional monitoring devices including high-speed...Go to contribution page
-
LUKAS ZENI (Innofreight Speditions GmbH)13/09/2016, 11:05Innofreight Speditions GmbH is a privately owned company with its headquarters in Austria. Its business area is developing and operating innovative railway transport solutions consisting of special tailor-made containers and wagons together with loading and unloading systems. For the coke and coal supply Innofreight developed the MonTainer, the most innovative container on the European...Go to contribution page
-
HIROSHI MIO (Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp.)13/09/2016, 11:05The objective of this paper is to develop the particle flow simulation in a charging process of a bell-less type blast furnace by using Discrete Element Method (DEM). The particles behaviour in a rotating chute was modelled, and the burden distribution was analysed. The measurement of the particle behaviour in a scaled-down experimental blast furnace was also carried out to validate the...Go to contribution page
-
DIMITRI Tikhonov (NLMK, Novolipetsk Steel, Lipetsk, Russia)13/09/2016, 11:25Novolipetsk Steel is the key company within NLMK Group. The company includes all steelmaking and servicing facilities. Iron ore raw materials and fluxes for sinter production are delivered from mining and concentration plants of the Group. Coke at the company and at Altai-Koks - the Group’s plant - is produced from purchased coal. In order to improve competitiveness, starting from 2013 at all...Go to contribution page
-
ANTTI KEMPPAINEN (Process Metallurgy Research Unit)13/09/2016, 11:25The future of the low emission blast furnace (BF) ironmaking might result in significant changes in the applied reductants. Today, majority of the Western Europe blast furnaces are operated with pulverized coal injection, but alternative renewable reductants such as torrefied biomass or charcoal could also be applied in BF injection. In addition, top gas recycling blast furnace (TGR-BF)...Go to contribution page
-
MICHAEL FALLER (PRIMETALS Technology GmbH)13/09/2016, 11:25Today the iron making business in general and with it metallurgical plant design and engineering faces a highly competitive environment. The pelletizing sector, whether for new plants or for revamping and optimization of existing plants, is challenged by economic pressure by competitors, deteriorating raw material quality, more stringent environmental regulations and remote plant locations...Go to contribution page
-
JIAN PAN (Central South University)13/09/2016, 11:45Direct reduction pellet production has become one of the hot spots developments, and the production of high quality pellets is an important guarantee. In this research, the pelletizing behaviors of one Malaysia magnetite concentrates was studied, including the effect of induration parameters and different basicity on the strength of pellets. Then the correlation between pellets basicity and...Go to contribution page
-
IVAN KURUNOV (NLMK, Novolipetsk Steel, Lipetsk, Russia)13/09/2016, 11:45Improved coke and sinter quality have facilitated an intensification of the blast furnace (BF) operation due to higher gas top pressure, blast rate and blast oxygen content, as well as the flow rate of injected fuel. Specific BF productivity has increased 15-30% accompanied by a reduction in fuel rate. The increased gas intensity of melting has facilitated faster indirect wustite reduction...Go to contribution page
-
DESIDE CHIBWE (University of Newcastle)13/09/2016, 11:45Ironmaking blast furnace (BF) operation and control is quite a challenging task due to the “black box” nature of the process. The difficulty is further aggravated by the fact that the overall performance of the furnace is simultaneously influenced by both in-furnace and out-of-furnace processes. However, the difficulty can be somewhat mitigated through application of empirical knowledge,...Go to contribution page
-
LUKAS PETZOLD (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH), SVEN MENGER (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 14:30Primetals successfully established the Hybrid Flotation Technology, which differs from the standard pneumatic flotation cells, on the non-ferrous mining market. The growing demands for high grade pellet feed with low content of silica and sulfur also makes that technology very interesting for the use in iron ore beneficiation. Primetals conducted a laboratory campaign with the in-house...Go to contribution page
-
HOLGER KASSEBAUM (Paul Wurth)13/09/2016, 14:30Nowadays the sinter cooler often becomes the limiting factorof the sinter production. Outdated technologyleads tolow productivity and high operation and maintenance cost. This is countered by the two types of coolers developed and offered by Paul Wurth, the annular cooler and the shaft cooler. The classic design of the annular cooler was completely revised and is now essentially composed of a...Go to contribution page
-
YAN SAMUEL FERREIRA JUNQUEIRA (Thyssenkrupp CSA, Brazil)13/09/2016, 14:30The cooking process in a Heat Recovery Coke Plant is founded on the burn of volatile matter, present on coal as primary fuel. A second unwanted reaction occurs by the combustion of coke. This undesired burning process is called Burn Loss. The amount of air sucked to the oven was controlled by an automatic system which open or close the valves using as main variable Time. During the control by...Go to contribution page
-
LIMING LU (CSIRO Mineral Resources)13/09/2016, 14:50The interaction of fine iron ore powders with water plays an important role in iron ore granulation, an important step in iron ore sintering, and is usually assessed based on the determination of wettability, or contact angle, of iron ore powders. Generally, iron ores which have a lower contact angle show more efficient granulation. The Washburn capillary rise (WCR) technique has been widely...Go to contribution page
-
PRIYANTHI HAPUGODA (CSIRO)13/09/2016, 14:50The amount and type of different mineral species in coke oven feed coal, the size of these mineral grains and their association with fusible and infusible macerals can have a significant impact on coke quality. The Coal Grain Analysis (CGA) system is an optical reflected light microscope imaging system that collects mosaics of contiguous high resolution colour images to provide detailed...Go to contribution page
-
JENS LASKOWSKI (Welding Alloys GmbH)13/09/2016, 14:50The presentation “Protecting Sintering Plants - Durability, sustainability and efficiency in wear protection” shows new approaches and developments for increasing the lifetime and efficiency of wear protection in the high temperature area of agglomeration plants (and related) to maintain cost-optimized production in agreement with environmental requirements. Scientific analyses of crucial...Go to contribution page
-
LUKAS KOVAL (CSIRO)13/09/2016, 15:10Coke cold strength is typically measured using standardised coke strength indices (ASTM, IRSID and JIS). When all coke cold strength tests are performed at full scale, collective weight of 45 kg of product coke is required.However, pilot or research at bench scale cokingmay not result in sufficient coke yield for standardised testing. In these cases, an I600 test, which is equivalent to...Go to contribution page
-
MATHIAS HOFFMANN (Paul Wurth S.A.)13/09/2016, 15:10Upgrading and de-bottlenecking by improving the existing becomes more and more important in these economically demanding times. PAUL WURTH is proposing a series of solutions that tackle the challenges of production and maintenance cost reduction, productivity increase, emission reduction. Optimized sintering starts with a precise control of the humidity of the raw mix, followed by automatic...Go to contribution page
-
DEQING ZHU (School of Mineral processing and Bioengineering, Central South University)13/09/2016, 15:10Oxidizing pelletization of imported high combined water bearing manganese ore fines was conducted by simulating grate-kiln process in electric tube furnace, and its consolidation mechanism was revealed by the determination of the mineralogy of fired pellet. The raw manganese ore fines were finely ground by HPRG for preparing pellet feed with specific surface areas of 2563 cm2/g and bentonite...Go to contribution page
-
DEBJANI NAG (Tata Steel)13/09/2016, 15:30
-
HANS ULRICH MARSCHALL (RHI AG)13/09/2016, 15:30Blast furnaces do not operate properly with fine-grained iron ore. To make use of such ores, they must be processed efficiently into pellets in high scale traveling grate pelletizing plants. Pellets are small balls of iron ore. Such furnaces are lined with thousands of tons of refractories that play an important role in operation stability and energy efficiency. Partition walls are a critical...Go to contribution page
-
JOHANNES SCHENK (Montanuniversitaet Leoben)13/09/2016, 16:15The processes of direct reduction and smelting reduction are alternatives to the blast furnace route for the production of metallic feed material from iron ore avoiding cokemaking. The natural gas-based direct reduction processes have lower CO2 emissions in comparison to the coal-based liquid hot metal producing processes “blast furnace” and “smelting reduction”. Regarding energy consumption...Go to contribution page
-
DIETER BETTINGER (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 16:45DRIpax™ is an integrated process optimization system for MIDREX DR Plants jointly developed by Primetals Technologies and MIDREX Technologies. This new system was installed for the first time at the MIDREX DR plant Module 2 of Qatar Steel and is now successfully in operation at this plant. The installation at Qatar Steel demonstrates the high prediction accuracy achieved with the new product...Go to contribution page
-
JENNIFER WOLOSHYN (Hatch Ltd.)13/09/2016, 16:45Environmental regulation and economic conditions demand greater efficiencies in the control of emissions and fugitive releases in iron ore processing, iron making, and coke handling operations. This paper provides an overview of recent applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to this aspect of the industry. The case studies discussed include: 1) NOx reduction expected by the...Go to contribution page
-
WANREN Xu (BaoShan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.)13/09/2016, 16:45In this paper, the investigation on erosion of hearth sidewall lining of 3BF(campaign life of 19 years) and 4BF(campaign life of 9 years) at Baosteel and analysis of erosion reasons have be done. The paper expatiated the production techniques and maintaining measures to control rising hearth sidewall temperature and erosion of large size blast furnaces at Baosteel, such as improving...Go to contribution page
-
BERNHARD SCHUERZ (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 17:05Back in 1991 voestalpine Stahl Linz, an Austrian integrated steel producer, and Primetals Technologies, a metallurgical plant builder and engineering company from Linz, Austria, joined forces and started the development of an integrated process optimization system for blast furnaces. This cooperation resulted in the successful development of a closed-loop expert system for blast furnaces which...Go to contribution page
-
ALESSANDRO MARTINIS (Danieli)13/09/2016, 17:05The use of DRI can help steelmakers facing the more and more tough environmental policies and market competition of modern times. Even better results can be obtained by using high-carbon DRI, a pre-reduced material with minimum 3.5% Carbon content, most of which in iron carbide form. This upgraded quality is the result of specific direct reduction's operating conditions, that are peculiar to...Go to contribution page
-
TAIHEI NOUCHI (JFE Steel Corporation)13/09/2016, 17:05Saving energy and reducing CO2 emissions from the steel works are important issues for the steel industry. Because heat loss at the blast furnace is already less than 10% of input energy, saving energy at the blast furnace decreases the energy supply to downstream processes in the steel works. However, it is possible to reduce energy consumption for agglomeration processes such as coking...Go to contribution page
-
MARCO PERATO (Paul Wurth Italia)13/09/2016, 17:25A constantly increasing focus is, nowadays, put on the CO2 and environmental impact of the steel industry, especially in EU and Japan. This can be seen as an unique opportunity for the steel producers to improve their reputation amongst the public community, too often loaded with unjustified prejudices. Even if the measures required to meet the ambitious target of EU to decrease CO2 footprint...Go to contribution page
-
GOUTAM KUMAR RAUT (Tata Steel Limited, India)13/09/2016, 17:25Tata steel Indian Blast Furnaces are started using pellet in burden since April 2012. This was the first time to switch from sinter and lump ore to sinter, lump ore and pellet in burden. Several operational issues faced during early days with charging pellet, raising pellet percentage and deciding its chemistry. The paper is an attempt to show operational hurdles faced and count measures...Go to contribution page
-
SHIGEAKI TONOMURA (Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation)13/09/2016, 17:25Four blast furnace steel makers and one engineering company in Japan have been prosecuted in the “CO2 Ultimate Reduction in Steelmaking Process by Innovative Technology for Cool Earth 50 (COURSE50) Project”, since FY2008 as a National Projects commissioned by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The target of COURSE50 is a reduction of approximately 30% in...Go to contribution page
-
RICCARDO CALCAGNO (Paul Wurth Italia SPA)13/09/2016, 17:45[Coke Producers are asked today to reduce environmental emissions and main resources’ consumptions (mainly water and energy sources). Optimization of energy requirements has already been approached and technology has now reached a good design level. Next challenge is to maximize the recovery of materials and energy, considering a not traditional approach for European market. The sensible heat...Go to contribution page
-
YAKOV GORDON (Hatch Ltd.)13/09/2016, 17:45Understanding and managing the risks associated with the introduction of a new technology in the highly capital-intensive, large volume and low-margin iron and steel industry, is a key to effectively implementing a lasting change. Hatch has developed a robust methodology for process technology selection for the iron and steel industry to address the risks. The methodology is based on a...Go to contribution page
-
HAMID GHORBANI (Hatch Ltd)13/09/2016, 17:45Assessment of the structural behaviour of the hearth refractory system in the design or repair stage can reduce risks associated with design innovations and hearth modifications. Information such as likely cracking and gap formation locations can be used to optimize the hearth bricking pattern, materials, and expansion allowances, and better interpret thermocouple data by considering changes...Go to contribution page
-
RONGSHAN Lin (AG der Dillinger Hüttenwerke)13/09/2016, 18:05For optimal blast furnace control, suitable measurement and monitoring systems are required. This paper focuses development and implementation of 3 new measurement devices and methods at ROGESA in Dillingen: 1) sonic gas temperature measurement, 2) a camera-based monitoring system at tuyere level, and 3) EMF and strain gauge measurement to determine the liquid level in the hearth of the...Go to contribution page
-
NAJIBEH TOLOUE FARROKH (Sharif University of Technology)13/09/2016, 18:05Effect of heating rate on the properties of two non-coking coals in thermal regime of tunnel kiln direct reduction of iron (TKDRI) process has been investigated. The low rate heating condition of raw materials in refractory crucibles of tunnel kiln was simulated in a vertical TGA for two different non-coking coals. The heating rates of 1.5, 3 and 7 oC/min from room temperature to 1100oC were...Go to contribution page
-
TOBIAS PLATTNER (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)13/09/2016, 18:05LanzaTech and Primetals are enabling a resource revolution in the steel industry that supports a circular economy, by decoupling the use of natural resources and the generation of waste from economic growth. Microbial fermentation of carbon and hydrogen-rich off-gases, such as, blast furnace top gas, direct reduction gas and also converter BOF gas to produce ethanol or other basic chemicals,...Go to contribution page
-
YAKOV GORDON (Hatch Ltd.)14/09/2016, 08:30Intensive operation of blast furnace allows increase in production of hot metal and profitability of Iron & Steel Works. However, blast furnace life could be sacrificed if no measures are taken to protect refractory lining and to build stable accretion. CherMK and Hatch developed a systematic approach to monitor conditions of BF hearth lining using Acousto Ultrasonic-Echo (AU-E)...Go to contribution page
-
MARC-ANDRE SCHULTEN (Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG)14/09/2016, 08:30Coke plant operators follow numerous coal blending criteria in order to satisfy quality, operational and financial targets of coke production. To meet such specifications the portfolio of coals in use shall not only include prime coking coals but also coals which play an important role in blend performance and cost optimization process. Selection of coals for industrial coke making...Go to contribution page
-
CHANG HAO-HSUN (NCKU, Department of Materials Science and Engineering)14/09/2016, 08:30In the ironmaking processes via the carbothermic reduction with the tall-bed reactor, the composite pellets can be rapidly reduced to highly metallized direct reduced iron (DRI) with high productivity under high temperature. However, the volume change of the pellets during the reduction will affect the efficiency of heat transfer from the freeboard to the tall-bed pellets inside the reactor....Go to contribution page
-
SERGEI ZAGAINOV (Ural Federal University (URFU))14/09/2016, 08:50The overall carbon rate supplied by coke and supplemental fuels is proposed as the parameter for energy efficiency estimation. The following measures ensure high energy efficient operation of blast furnace, operating with titania-magnetite burden: maximum possible top pressure; optimal slag composition; usage of special fluxes; maximum intensity of blast furnace operation; optimal distribution...Go to contribution page
-
DAVID R. JENKINS (CSIRO)14/09/2016, 08:50We performed micro-CT imaging and analysis on coke CSR lumps, before, during and after reaction under conditions aimed at replicating the standard CSR test. The aim is to develop a stronger mechanistic understanding of the reactivity of cokes made from different coals, by examining the change in coke microstructure as the high-temperature reaction with CO2 progresses. Individual coke lumps...Go to contribution page
-
PETER LISZIO (KBS Kokereibetriebsgesellschaft Schwelgern GmbH)14/09/2016, 08:50A new German law, regulating the workers stress by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), was published in summer 2015. This article will outline the medical considerations that lead to this new regulation in overall and for cokemaking in detail. The author was involved in the working group preparing the new regulations representing the interests of domestic cokemaking industry. All...Go to contribution page
-
NIKOLAI SPIRIN (Ural Federal University (URFU))14/09/2016, 09:10The optimization model of optimal allocation of supplemental fuel and oxygen resources amongst blast furnaces in a blast furnace shop taking into account the change in smelting parameters was developed. This model allows to predict parameters of injected fuel efficiency for individual blast furnace in various technological situations. The model considers the static characteristics describing...Go to contribution page
-
THOMAS ABFALTERER (voestalpine Stahl GmbH)14/09/2016, 09:10The requirements concerning the coke quality for the blast furnaces of voestalpine increased steadily in the past few years. To achieve this improved coke quality, on the one hand side the raw material base had to be changed and on the other hand side the coal pre-treatment and the blend preparation had to be enhanced. Originally the coal preparation plant at the coke oven plant voestalpine...Go to contribution page
-
HAI THONG HO (RWTH Aachen University)14/09/2016, 09:10Pulverised coal injection (PCI) has been commonly established into the blast furnace (BF) operation practice. However due to volatile coal market, blast furnace operators are often forced to change coals used for injection. Handling new coals presents a great challenge. An estimation of their compatibility in the blast furnace process based on chemical analysis alone is often not...Go to contribution page
-
STEFAN PUTTINGER (Johannes Kepler University Linz)14/09/2016, 09:30The present study deals with the analysis of blast furnace hot wind pressure data representing the wind throughput. In the frequent event of temporary tuyere blockages the flow rates for the affected tuyere section is reduced and is thus recognizable in the pressure signals. In case when the blockages last for a longer time, additional fuel supplies like pulverized coal injection (PCI) must be...Go to contribution page
-
RUTH POULTNEY (MATERIALS PROCESSING INSTIUTE, UK)14/09/2016, 09:30Bulk density in coal blends is often associated with moisture content. However, moisture is not the only factor affecting charge density. Investigations of single coal and blend crushing and screening, with crushing of oversize only, have demonstrated that the crushing regime affects coal particle size distribution. Oven charge density also benefits from oil addition to coal blends, with some...Go to contribution page
-
CHENGYI DING (Chongqing University)14/09/2016, 09:30The CaO-Fe2O3 (CF) system is the most significant binding phase for fluxed sinter, of which the reducibility becomes a vital index having great importance on the evaluation of sinter qualities. SiO2 is the necessary composition of SFC (SiO2-Fe2O3-CaO) generated from CF. Investigation on the isothermal reduction of CaO·Fe2O3 with addition of 2, 4, 8%(mass percent) SiO2 in a continuous stream of...Go to contribution page
-
BERNHARD RUMMER (voestalpine Stahl GmbH)14/09/2016, 09:50In November 2014 the pulverized coal injection (PCI) at blast furnace A in Linz was started followed by the coal injections into blast furnace 5 and 6 in February 2015. Up to this moment reducing agents like heavy oil, crude tar, coke oven gas, waste plastics and natural gas have been injected into the three blast furnaces (BFs). Due to the limited space around the BFs it was decided to...Go to contribution page
-
SANG-HO YI (POSCO)14/09/2016, 10:45POSCO launched in 1992 the FINEX® development program in cooperation with Primetals Technologies (formerly VAI) in order to create an alternative ironmaking process to compete with the blast furnace process and operating on low-grade, low-cost raw materials. As indicated in Figure 1, POSCO has been successful in commercialization of the process through a series of scale-up development from a...Go to contribution page
-
NORBERT REIN (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)14/09/2016, 11:15The steelmaking is based on the use of hot metal and scrap, whereas hot metal is produced by the reduction of iron ores mainly in today’s dominating technology, the blast furnace route. Beside the blast furnace, raw material preparation in the form of coke-making and agglomeration of fine ore in the sintering plant is required. The innovative process concept of FINEX® offers an alternative...Go to contribution page
-
RAYMOND J. Longbottom (University of Wollongong)14/09/2016, 11:15The effect of the mineral matter on the reactivity of a coke analogue was examined through the addition of binary and ternary combinations of magnetite (Fe3O4), troilite (FeS) and quartz (SiO2). The use of coke at a laboratory scale has issues arising from it heterogeneity and complex nature. The coke analogue was developed to help alleviate these issues, being a laboratory tool that has a...Go to contribution page
-
JOHN HYDE (Hatch Ltd.)14/09/2016, 11:15Plasma torch technology was studied by several blast furnace developers in the 1970s as a means to reduce coke consumption. The developers planned to use electrical energy rather than blast oxygen enrichment to increase coal injection through the tuyeres. In the early 1980s development work stopped over concerns with plasma torch electrode life. Since this time, Westinghouse Plasma Corporation...Go to contribution page
-
CRISTIAN BÖHM (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)14/09/2016, 11:35The COREX® process is beside the FINEX® technology the only industrially realized alternative to the blast furnace route for the production of hot metal. Changes in the raw material sector in respect of decrease in quality, strictly enforced environmental laws, minimization of CO2 emissions and positive operation results of COREX® reference plants make it worth to carefully re-evaluate the...Go to contribution page
-
FRANZ REUFER (Küttner GmbH & Co. KG, Germany)14/09/2016, 11:35In the past 30 years the development of pulverized coal injection technology has been driven by the cost optimization for blast furnace operation. Today blast furnace operators are facing one more very important topic for their hot metal production: CO2 emissions. By further improvement of the injection technologies even in small steps Küttners efforts in this field are significant. An...Go to contribution page
-
YUSUKE DOHI (Steel Research Laboratory, JFE Steel Corp.,)14/09/2016, 11:35In this study, a novel measurement method for coal thermoplasticity was developed, where permeation distance of thermally plastic coal into glass beads layer placed on the coal sample was measured. The permeation distance was roughly correlated with MF, however large deviation was observed especially for high fluidity coals. The deviation clearly showed the difference of coke pore structure...Go to contribution page
-
WATANABE MASAHIKO (1Ironmaking Research Lab., Process Research Laboratories, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metals Corp.,)14/09/2016, 11:55Briquette blend coking process (BBCP) is one of the coal pre-treating technologies. In this process, a part of coal charge is briquetted, and the briquettes thus produced are charged into a coke oven chamber with the fine coal. The briquette blend leads to an increase in a coal bulk density in the coke oven chamber, which contributes to the improvement of coke strength. In contrast, there have...Go to contribution page
-
MAKOTO GOTO (Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering CO., LTD.)14/09/2016, 11:55Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering (NSENGI) has constructed 80 or more Blast Furnaces since 1974. This paper introduces technologies of new type copper stave which NSENGI performed improvement and development continuously.
From around 1990, a lot of Blast furnaces have been using copper staves for cooling. Though, quite a few of them have faced with some troubles. They can be roughly... Go to contribution page -
PARK JONG MOON (CHOSUN REFRACTORIES, Co., Ltd)14/09/2016, 11:55Advanced iron-making process, called FINEX, is known as an innovative iron making process which has better cost competitiveness and environment-friendly compared to typical Blast furnace process. FINEX demands high performance taphole clay quality rather than blast furnace due to its high tapping speed and high pressure in the furnace. To satisfy its requirements numerous experiments have been...Go to contribution page
-
REINOUD VAN LAAR (Danieli Corus BV)14/09/2016, 12:15This paper summarizes the results of a comparison of two modern blast furnace designs. These designs include similar hearth, upper stack and throat armor technologies, but differ on the lining selection for bosh, belly and stack. The first design includes copper plate coolers, graphite and silicon carbide. The second design includes copper stave coolers. Results of a partial reline modular...Go to contribution page
-
MATTHIAS SPÖTTLE (ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG)14/09/2016, 12:15Thevertical chamber oven is a cooperation of thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (tkIS) and the TechnischeUniversitätBergakademie Freiberg (TU BA Freiberg). The project is organized in the way that tkISis engineering the process and TU BA Freibergexecute all the needed tests in the laboratory especiallytreatment of raw coal, briquetting, heating regimes and chemical and physical analysis of...Go to contribution page
-
TENGFEI SONG (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing,)14/09/2016, 12:15The superior coke is one of essential condition for blast furnace stable and anterograde operation. Thus,the goal of the coking process is producing high-quality coke. Under the current situation of the increasingly shortage of coking coal, how to get rid of the dependence on high quality coking coal in the coke making production is a serious problem that iron and steel must be confronted...Go to contribution page
-
RICHARD SAKUROVS (CSIRO Energy)14/09/2016, 12:35The area of the surface of a coke that is accessible to gas is one important predictor of its reactivity. During burnout the surface area of the coke increases, and the rate of this increase differs between cokes. This increase has been attributed to the presence of fine closed pores in cokes that open up on burnout. Although it is certain that such closed pores exist, much is unknown...Go to contribution page
-
CHRISTIAN WOLF (Velco GmbH)14/09/2016, 12:35The injection of powdered Ti-carriers is a proven solution for protecting the refractory in the blast furnace hearth. One strategy is the injection just close to the arisen hot spot. However, for this the existing PCI systems cannot be used. It is required an additional unit with specific safety devices. Using case studies at several customers worldwide, different features and possibilities...Go to contribution page
-
BIRENDRA PRASAD (OCL India Limited)14/09/2016, 12:35The life of a coke oven is greatly influenced by its design and the quality of brickwork construction& uniformity of physical, chemical and thermo-mechanical properties. Earlier, while selecting the quality of silica bricks, importance were being given to conventional properties like Apparent Porosity, Bulk Density, Cold Crushing Strength, Permanent Linear Change, Refractoriness under Load...Go to contribution page
-
MARTIN SMITH (Primetals Technologies)14/09/2016, 12:55Critical to any blast furnace campaign is the quality of the cooling system design. Over the many years of blast furnace history, cooling systems have evolved and changed to give an optimum design that provides long campaign life balanced against cost. In recent years, the latest evolution of the cooling system design, in the shape of the copper stave, has been seen as state of the art and an...Go to contribution page
-
B. MERTAS (Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal, Zabrze, Poland)14/09/2016, 12:55
-
KIRILL ANDREEV (Tata Steel Europe)14/09/2016, 12:55After successful campaign of more than 40 years the walls of the coke plant 2 of Tata IJmuiden are being replaced. Our paper addresses the issues of the selection and sourcing of the refractory materials for the new walls. Material properties formalised in the specification are reviewed. Those are compared with the properties of alternative silica refractories available on the market. Both...Go to contribution page
-
YUN CHEOL HONG (CHOSUN REFRACTORIES, Co., Ltd.)14/09/2016, 13:15Recently, the tendency of Blast Furnace type is changing to Cooling Plate type from Stave Type.High thermal conductivity and abrasion resistance is the most important demand characteristics of refractories for the Cooling Plate Type.Therefore, graphite block and SiCBrick are used for shaft installation to take advantage of their excellent thermal conductivity and abrasionresistance of SiC...Go to contribution page
Choose timezone
Your profile timezone: